What does this "France only" symbol mean on a coffee package?

I think it's a recycling vs. trash thing.

If I understand the imagery, the coffee bag should go in the trash in France and it should go in the recycling bin in other EU (mostly) countries.

It is recycling vs rubbish.

The symbol says put it in the general rubbish bag. But the symbol only applies to France. In most places (e.g. the UK, hence the labelling in English) you'd do the same, though there are a few recycling schemes that take these bags. But only France requires that label.

You could interpret the text, combined with the use of English as "ignore the symbol above if not in France.